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Factorize [tex]$6x^3 - 25x^2 + 32x - 12$[/tex].

Answer :

We want to factorize the polynomial

[tex]$$
6x^3 - 25x^2 + 32x - 12.
$$[/tex]

Step 1. Find a root using the Rational Root Theorem.

The Rational Root Theorem tells us that any rational root of the polynomial is of the form

[tex]$$
x = \frac{p}{q},
$$[/tex]

where the numerator [tex]$p$[/tex] is a factor of the constant term ([tex]$-12$[/tex]) and the denominator [tex]$q$[/tex] is a factor of the leading coefficient ([tex]$6$[/tex]). Testing some candidate values, we find that

[tex]$$
x = 2
$$[/tex]

is a root because

[tex]$$
6(2)^3 - 25(2)^2 + 32(2) - 12 = 48 - 100 + 64 - 12 = 0.
$$[/tex]

This tells us that [tex]$(x-2)$[/tex] is a factor of the polynomial.

Step 2. Divide the polynomial by [tex]$(x-2)$[/tex].

Dividing [tex]$$6x^3 - 25x^2 + 32x - 12$$[/tex] by [tex]$(x-2)$[/tex] (by synthetic division or polynomial long division) reduces the polynomial to a quadratic. After performing the division, we get:

[tex]$$
6x^3 - 25x^2 + 32x - 12 = (x-2)(6x^2 - 13x + 6).
$$[/tex]

Step 3. Factorize the quadratic [tex]$6x^2 - 13x + 6$[/tex].

To factor this quadratic, we look for two numbers that multiply to [tex]$$6 \cdot 6 = 36$$[/tex] and add up to [tex]$$-13.$$[/tex] The two numbers that work are [tex]$$-9$$[/tex] and [tex]$$-4$$[/tex] since

[tex]$$
-9 \times -4 = 36 \quad \text{and} \quad -9 + (-4) = -13.
$$[/tex]

Rewrite the middle term using these numbers:

[tex]$$
6x^2 - 13x + 6 = 6x^2 - 9x - 4x + 6.
$$[/tex]

Next, factor by grouping:

1. Group the first two and the last two terms:

[tex]$$
(6x^2 - 9x) + (-4x + 6).
$$[/tex]

2. Factor out the common factors in each group:

[tex]$$
3x(2x - 3) - 2(2x - 3).
$$[/tex]

3. Notice the common factor [tex]$(2x - 3)$[/tex]:

[tex]$$
(2x - 3)(3x - 2).
$$[/tex]

Thus, the quadratic factors as

[tex]$$
6x^2 - 13x + 6 = (2x-3)(3x-2).
$$[/tex]

Step 4. Write the complete factorization.

Substituting back, the complete factorization of the original polynomial is:

[tex]$$
6x^3 - 25x^2 + 32x - 12 = (x-2)(2x-3)(3x-2).
$$[/tex]

This is the factorized form of the polynomial.

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