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Answer :
Final answer:
A catalytic converter reduces air pollution. Sinkholes are primarily caused by subsurface mining, while acid precipitation results from burning fossil fuels. Coal reserves are estimated to last around 200 years.
Explanation:
Catalytic Converters and Environmental Issues
A catalytic converter is a device that reduces air pollution. It works by converting harmful gases from the automobile's engine, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons, into less harmful emissions like carbon dioxide and nitrogen. This process is vital for meeting environmental regulations and contributes to cleaner air.
Causes of Sinkholes
The primary cause of sinkholes is subsurface mining. When minerals are extracted from below the surface, it can create voids that lead to the ground collapsing. However, they can also form due to natural processes, such as erosion caused by water dissolving limestone beneath the surface.
Acid Precipitation
Acid precipitation, commonly known as acid rain, is primarily caused by the burning of fossil fuels. When fossil fuels are burned, they release sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) into the atmosphere, which can combine with water vapor to form sulfuric and nitric acids, leading to harmful precipitation.
Coal Reserves
Scientists predict that worldwide coal reserves will last about 200 years. This estimation varies based on consumption rates and new discoveries, but the general consensus is that we are depleting these resources faster than they can be replenished.
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