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Answer :
According to the rules of human genetics, if Betsy and Rudolph have a calf it will have a black nose.
What are alleles?
- The substance that is stably passed down, unchanged, from parent to offspring through the gametes, over successive generations is called as ‘factors’ now called as genes.
- Genes, therefore, are the units of inheritance. They contain the information that is required to express a particular trait in an organism. Genes which code for a pair of contrasting traits are known as alleles, i.e., they are slightly different forms of the same gene.
- Since Betsy has a dominant trait and doesn't carry any recessive gene and Rudolf has a recessive trait, their phenotypes will be NN and nn respectively.
- Mendel proposed that in a pair of dissimilar factors, one dominates the other and hence is called the dominant factor while the other factor is recessive. In this case N (for black nose) is dominant over n (for red nose), that is recessive.
- From the punnet square it is seen that the all the fertilisations lead to individuals having 'black nose' only and none of them will have 'red nose'.
- Within the genotypic pair Nn only one character N 'black nose' is expressed. Hence the character N or ‘black nose’ is said to dominate over the other allele n or ‘red nose’ character.
- It is thus due to this dominance of one character over the other that all the calf will have 'black nose' with Nn as the genotype.
To learn more about punnet square:
https://brainly.com/question/3522181
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Final answer:
The calf of Rudolph (nn) and Betsy (NN) would have a genotype of Nn, displaying a black nose phenotype, as the black allele is dominant.
Explanation:
The student has asked what the genotype of a calf would be if Rudolph the Reindeer, with a recessive red nose (n) mates with Betsy the Reindeer who has a dominant black nose (N) and does not carry the recessive allele. Given that Rudolph's genotype for the nose color trait is nn (recessive red nose) and Betsy's genotype is NN (dominant black nose and not a carrier of the red nose trait), their offspring would inherit one allele from each parent. Therefore, the calf's genotype would be Nn, displaying the black nose phenotype because the black nose trait is dominant. As Betsy does not carry the recessive allele, we can be certain that the calf will inherit the dominant N allele from her and one recessive n allele from Rudolph.
