Answer :

Final answer:

The base of the lung expands more effectively during inspiration because of its proximity to the diaphragm and the effect of gravity stretching the bottom of the lungs more than the top. Therefore, greater expansion occurs at the base of the lung compared to the apex during inspiration.

Explanation:

In terms of which part of the lung expands better on inspiration, the base or the apex, the base of the lung tends to expand more efficiently than the apex. This is because the lungs are a pyramid-like structure and the base is located next to the diaphragm, a powerful muscle which expands the lungs during inspiration. On the other hand, the apex of the lung is at the top of the lungs and doesn't benefit as much from the diaphragm's action. Moreover, gravity also stretches the bottom of the lung down towards the floor more than the top when standing, hence influencing the characterization of ventilation. Thus, greater expansion occurs at the base of the lung compared to the apex during inspiration.

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