High School

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What is the output of the following C++ code?

```cpp
int list[5] = { 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 };
int j;
for (j = 1; j <= 5; j++) {
cout << list[j] << " ";
}
cout << endl;
```

A. Code results in index out-of-bounds
B. 5 10 15 20 0
C. 0 5 10 15 20
D. 5 10 15 20 20

Answer :

Final answer:

The code runs a loop with incorrect indexing and accesses an array element outside its bounds, leading to undefined behavior. If it did not access out-of-bounds memory, the expected output would incorrectly start from the second element of the array due to 1-based indexing used in the loop.

Explanation:

The provided C++ code snippet is intended to print values from an array named list. However, the for loop uses 1-based indexing to access the elements of the array, which is incorrect since C++ uses 0-based indexing. The loop intends to iterate through the array, but it starts at index 1 and goes up to and including index 5, which is out of bounds for a 5-element array. The correct iteration should start at index 0 and go up to index 4. Hence, the output is 'undefined behavior' due to accessing an element outside the bounds of the array. If the code were to run without accessing out-of-bounds memory, the expected output would be to print elements from the second element (index 1) to a non-existing sixth element (index 5), but in practice, this out-of-bound access could lead to a crash or unexpected results.

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