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Jean Baptista van Helmont conducted an experiment with a 5-pound tree planted in 200 pounds of dried earth. He watered the tree over five years and ended up with a 169-pound tree in the same amount of earth. He concluded that the tree's growth was due solely to water.

Where did he go wrong?

A. He didn't account for the importance of sunlight.
B. He overlooked the significance of the soil.
C. He didn't measure the weight accurately.
D. He ignored the contribution of air in plant growth.

Answer :

Final answer:

Jean Baptista van Helmont incorrectly concluded that a tree's mass came entirely from water because he did not account for the carbon dioxide absorbed from the air that contributes to the tree's increase in dry mass through photosynthesis.

Explanation:

Jean Baptista van Helmont concluded that a tree grew from water alone because he noticed a significant increase in the tree's mass without a corresponding loss of soil mass. He failed to consider the role of another crucial element in plant growth: the air. Plants absorb carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air and, through the process of photosynthesis, convert it into organic matter, such as carbohydrates and proteins. This contributes to the increase in the tree's dry mass, even if the water content of the tree changes. Therefore, the correct answer to where van Helmont went wrong is D. He ignored the contribution of air in plant growth.

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