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In the conflict in Bosnia & Herzegovina during the 1990s, Bosniaks, Serbs, and Croats were the major ethnic groups involved. Ethnic cleansing, largely carried out by Serb forces against Bosnian Muslims and Croats, led to significant demographic changes in the region. The brutal campaign was part of a wider struggle for territory following the country's declaration of independence.
Explanation:
The ethnic conflict in Bosnia & Herzegovina during the 1990s involved three primary ethnic groups: Bosniaks (Bosnian Muslims), Serbs, and Croats. The source of ethnic cleansing began after Bosnia and Herzegovina declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1992. This move was opposed by Bosnian Serbs, who were supported by the Yugoslav (Serbian) President Slobodan Milošević, leading to a bitter struggle over territory.
During the conflict, Serb forces carried out a campaign of ethnic cleansing against Bosnian Muslims and Croats, which included the systematic and mass killings within the region. The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia reported widespread atrocities committed during the conflict. The impact of ethnic cleansing in Bosnia led to significant demographic changes, with many people being displaced from their homes and alterations in the ethnic composition of various regions as a result.
The violence and atrocities that occurred during this period highlighted the destructive potential of nationalism intertwined with ethnic tension. The process of ethnic cleansing and the genocidal acts committed during the Bosnian War left a permanent mark on the region's demographic and cultural landscape. The international community's intervention, including the International Criminal Tribunal and peacekeeping efforts, sought to address these issues and prevent further conflict.
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