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Josiah invests [tex]\$360[/tex] into an account that accrues [tex]3\%[/tex] interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]y[/tex], after [tex]x[/tex] years?

A. [tex]y = 360(1.3)^x[/tex]
B. [tex]y = 360(0.3)^x[/tex]
C. [tex]y = 360(0.03)^x[/tex]
D. [tex]y = 360(1.03)^x[/tex]

Answer :

To find the equation that represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after a certain number of years, we need to use the formula for compound interest. The compound interest formula is:

[tex]\[ A = P(1 + r)^x \][/tex]

Where:
- [tex]\( A \)[/tex] is the amount of money accumulated after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years, including interest.
- [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is the principal amount (initial investment).
- [tex]\( r \)[/tex] is the annual interest rate (as a decimal).
- [tex]\( x \)[/tex] is the number of years the money is invested for.

For Josiah's investment:
- The initial investment [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is $360.
- The interest rate [tex]\( r \)[/tex] is 3%, which we convert to a decimal by dividing by 100. So, [tex]\( r = 0.03 \)[/tex].
- The number of years is represented by [tex]\( x \)[/tex].

Plugging these values into the formula gives:

[tex]\[ A = 360(1 + 0.03)^x \][/tex]

Simplifying inside the parentheses:

[tex]\[ A = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

So the equation that represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years is:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

This matches the choice: [tex]\( y = 360(1.03)^x \)[/tex].

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