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Answer :
To verify independent assortment using a Punnett Square for the cross EB eb; AP ap X eb eb; ap ap, we list the gametes of each parent, fill in the grid, and check if the heterozygous parent produced all four possible gamete types in equal frequencies, resulting in genotypes EBeB APap, Ebeb APap, ebeb APap, and ebeb apap in the offspring.
To draw a Punnett Square for the test cross EB eb; AP ap X eb eb; ap ap, we need to first determine the gametes produced by the heterozygous individual. Because of independent assortment, we expect all four possible gametes (EB AP, EB ap, eb AP, eb ap) to be produced in equal frequencies during meiosis. The other parent can only produce one type of gamete (eb ap).
This test cross will produce offspring with the following genotypes: EBeB APap, Ebeb APap, ebeb APap, and ebeb apap. Each genotype corresponds to a combination of the alleles from the respective parent's gametes. This indicates each type of gamete from the heterozygous parent equally contributed to the genotypes of the offspring, demonstrating independent assortment.
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Test cross allows us to verify that the heterozygous individual produced all 4 possible gamete types in equal frequencies during meiosis due to independent assortment. A
Punnett Square for the given test cross can be drawn as follows:
E B e b
e b eBeb ebeb
a p aPeb ap eb
In this
Punnett Square, the gametes produced by the heterozygous individual (EB eb; AP ap) are represented along the top and left sides, and the gametes produced by the homozygous recessive individual (eb eb; ap ap) are represented along the bottom and right sides. The possible offspring resulting from the mating is shown in the four boxes in the middle.
To verify that the heterozygous individual produced all 4 possible gamete types (EB AP, EB ap, eb AP, eb ap) in equal frequencies during meiosis due to independent assortment, we can look at the resulting offspring in the Punnett Square. If the heterozygous individual produced all 4 possible gamete types in equal frequencies, then we would expect to see each of the four possible offspring genotypes represented equally in the resulting offspring.
From the Punnett Square, we can see that there are four possible offspring genotypes: eBeb, ebeb, aPeb, and ap eb. Each of these genotypes appears once in the resulting offspring, which suggests that the heterozygous individual produced all 4 possible gamete types in equal frequencies during meiosis due to independent assortment.
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