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An automobile manufacturer finds that 1 in every 2500 automobiles produced has a particular manufacturing defect.

(a) Use a binomial distribution to find the probability of finding 4 cars with this defect.

Answer :

Final answer:

This problem can be solved using a binomial distribution. A binomial distribution applies when you have a fixed number of trials, each trial has two possible outcomes, and the probability of success is constant. We should however be cautious given the very small probability of defect, a Poisson distribution may be a better fit.

Explanation:

The solution to this question involves using a binomial distribution. A binomial distribution applies when you have a fixed number of trials, each trial has two potential outcomes (success/failure), and the probability of success is the same for each trial.

In this context, the trials are the cars produced by the automobile manufacturer, a success is a car with a manufacturing defect, and a failure is a car without a manufacturing defect.

The probability of success (p) is given as 1 in 2500 or 0.0004. The number of successes (n) we're interested in is 4 cars.

The formula for the binomial distribution is:

(n choose x)(p^x)(q^(n-x))

Where n is the total number of trials, x is the number of successes, p is the probability of success on a single trial, and q is the probability of failure on a single trial (1-p).

To find the probability of exactly 4 cars with the defect we'll need to specify a number of trials, let's say for 10,000 cars produced (n), then calculate using the above formula.

One must be cautious though, binomial distribution can be a reasonable approximation when the probability of success is small and the number of trials is large, however for very small probabilities like 0.0004 Poisson distribution may usually be a better approximation.

Learn more about Binomial Distribution here:

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