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Answer :
Final answer:
Metals in ionic compounds are named first, followed by nonmetals whose names are modified to end in -ide. For metals that can have variable charges, a Roman numeral is used to denote the charge. Polyatomic ions retain their names without alteration.
Explanation:
How to Name Metals, Nonmetals, and Polyatomic Ions in Ionic Compounds
In naming ionic compounds, it's essential to identify the type of ions involved. An ionic compound consists of cations (positively charged ions) and anions (negatively charged ions). Here are the key aspects for naming:
1. Naming Metals
The name of the metal cation is stated first. If the metal can form more than one cation (like transition metals), a Roman numeral indicating the charge is used. For example:
- For FeCl₂ (iron(II) chloride), iron has a charge of 2+.
- For FeCl₃ (iron(III) chloride), iron has a charge of 3+.
If the metal forms only one type of cation, simply state the metal's name, as in NaCl which is named sodium chloride.
2. Naming Nonmetals
The name of the nonmetal anion is derived from the name of the element with the ending changed to -ide. For example:
- In NaCl, the anion is chloride (from chlorine).
- In BaO (barium oxide), the anion is oxide (from oxygen).
3. Naming Polyatomic Ions
When the anion is a polyatomic ion (an ion made up of more than one atom), its name is used directly. For example:
- In NaNO₃ (sodium nitrate), the anion is nitrate.
- In Ca(OH)₂ (calcium hydroxide), the anion is hydroxide.
In summary, remember to state the cation first followed by the anion. Adjust the names based on whether the ions are monatomic or polyatomic, and account for any variable charges of the metal ions.
Learn more about Naming Ionic Compounds here:
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