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Answer :
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The process of transferring specific genes from one organism to another is known as transgenics, resulting in a transgenic organism. This involves introducing a transgene into an organism's genome to achieve desired traits. Other options like cloning, embryo transfer, and artificial insemination do not involve this specific gene transfer process.
Explanation:
Understanding Transgenics
Transgenics is the process of transferring specific genes from one organism to another, resulting in a transgenic organism. This organism contains foreign DNA, known as a transgene, introduced using various biotechnological methods. For example, scientists often employ molecular cloning techniques to incorporate genes from one species into another to enhance certain traits.
Transgenic organisms are widely utilized in agriculture, resulting in crops that can resist pests, tolerate drought, or provide improved nutritional value. About 90% of some crops grown in North America, such as corn and soybean, are transgenic.
Comparison with Other Processes
- Cloning: This involves creating identical copies of an organism or cell without transferring specific genes.
- Embryo Transfer: This technique involves moving embryos from one organism to another and does not involve gene transfer.
- Artificial Insemination: This is a method of introducing sperm into a female's reproductive system but does not involve direct genetic modification.
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