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Which of the following reactions corresponds to the thermochemical equation for the standard molar enthalpy of formation of solid strontium nitrate?

a. [tex] Sr^{2+}(aq) + 2 NO_3^{-}(aq) \rightarrow Sr(NO_3)_2(s) [/tex]

b. [tex] Sr(OH)_2(s) + 2 HNO_3(aq) \rightarrow Sr(NO_3)_2(s) + 2 H_2O(l) [/tex]

c. [tex] Sr(s) + N_2(g) + 3 O_2(g) \rightarrow Sr(NO_3)_2(s) [/tex]

d. [tex] Sr(s) + 2 HNO_3(aq) \rightarrow Sr(NO_3)_2(s) + H_2(g) [/tex]

e. [tex] Sr(s) + 2 N(g) + 6 O(g) \rightarrow Sr(NO_3)_2(s) [/tex]

Answer :

To find the reaction that corresponds to the standard molar enthalpy of formation of solid strontium nitrate, we need to focus on forming 1 mole of strontium nitrate (Sr(NO₃)₂) from its elements in their standard states. Here’s how we break it down:

1. Understanding the Elements in Standard States:
- Strontium (Sr) is a solid in its elemental form.
- Nitrogen (N) is a diatomic gas (N₂) in its standard state.
- Oxygen (O) is also a diatomic gas (O₂) in its standard state.

2. Requirements for the Formation Reaction:
- The reaction should involve Sr(s), N₂(g), and O₂(g) as reactants.
- These elements should combine to form Sr(NO₃)₂(s) directly in one mole.

3. Analyzing Each Option:
- Option a: Involves aqueous ions (Sr²⁺(aq) and NO₃⁻(aq)), which are not elements in their standard states.
- Option b: Involves Sr(OH)₂(s) and HNO₃(aq), not elements in their standard states.
- Option c: Uses Sr(s), N₂(g), and O₂(g), which are the correct elements in their standard states to form Sr(NO₃)₂(s).
- Option d: Involves HNO₃(aq), which is not an element in its standard state.
- Option e: Uses N(g) and O(g), which are not in their standard states (they should be N₂(g) and O₂(g)).

4. Conclusion:
- Option c is the correct reaction because it involves combining the elements in their standard states: Sr(s) + N₂(g) + 3 O₂(g) → Sr(NO₃)₂(s).

This reaction accurately represents the standard molar enthalpy of formation of solid strontium nitrate. The answer is option c.

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