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Maddison experiences muscle weakness and dehydration and visits Dr. Clark's clinic for a medical checkup. Dr. Clark runs a couple of tests and discovers that Maddison has hypotension. After examining Maddison's medical reports, Dr. Clark orders the administration of the adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH) and then measures the plasma levels of cortisol and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS) in Maddison's bloodstream. Observing no change in the levels of these steroids, he diagnoses Maddison with a particular condition.

Based on the information provided, from which of the following conditions is Maddison most likely suffering?

a) Addison's disease
b) Cushing's syndrome
c) Hyperthyroidism
d) Diabetes insipidus

Answer :

Final answer:

Maddison’s muscle weakness, dehydration, hypotension, and adrenal gland’s lack of response even with the administration of ACTH are indicative of Addison’s Disease, a condition characterized by insufficient cortisol production from the adrenal glands. This condition was determined after ACTH administration didn't induce a change in the levels of cortisol and 17-OHCS in Maddison's bloodstream.

Explanation:

Based on the scenario provided, Maddison is most likely suffering from Addison's Disease. This condition, also known as adrenal insufficiency, is characterized by insufficient cortisol production from the adrenal glands, which can result in symptoms such as muscle weakness, dehydration, and hypotension, all of which Maddison has been experiencing.

Dr. Clark's administration of the adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), and the subsequent lack of change in Maddison's plasma levels of cortisol and 17-hydroxycorticosteroids (17-OHCS), is indicative of Addison's Disease. This is because, in Addison's Disease, the adrenal glands may not produce enough cortisol even when ACTH levels are high.


It is important to note that cortisol is essential for our bodies to respond to stress, regulate metabolism and control the immune response. Therefore, the lack of cortisol seen in Addison's disease can have serious health implications if left untreated.


The typical treatment involves cortisol replacement therapy. This therapy restores the proper levels of cortisol in the body, helping to mitigate the symptoms and prevent any further health complications associated with the disease.

Learn more about Addison's Disease here:

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