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Questions 1 through 3 refer to the following data:

**Approximate Number of Shipping Vessels and Percentage of World Trade by Region, Circa 1874-1880**

[tex]
\[
\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
\text{Region} & \begin{array}{c}
\text{Total} \\
\text{Number} \\
\text{of} \\
\text{Sailing} \\
\text{Vessels}
\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}
\text{Total} \\
\text{Number of} \\
\text{Steamships}
\end{array} & \begin{array}{c}
\text{Percentage} \\
\text{of World} \\
\text{Trade}
\end{array} \\
\hline
\text{Europe} & 48,751 & 4,636 & 66.9 \\
\hline
\text{North America} & 6,869 & 613 & 9.5 \\
\hline
\text{Latin America} & 357 & 81 & 5.4 \\
\hline
\text{Asia} & 312 & 35 & 12.9 \\
\hline
\text{Africa} & \text{N/A} & \text{N/A} & 1.9 \\
\hline
\text{Oceania} & \text{N/A} & \text{N/A} & 3.4 \\
\hline
\end{array}
\]
[/tex]

Which of the following best describes a conclusion about the relationship between steamships and world trade in the late nineteenth century that is supported by the data in the table?

A. North America had roughly twice the share of world trade as Latin America had because it possessed almost twice as many steamships.

B. Africa and Oceania's share of world trade was nearly equivalent to Latin America's share of world trade because all three regions had roughly the same number of steamships.

C. The fact that North America had only the third largest share of world trade by region roughly corresponds to its share of the total number of sailing vessels by region.

D. Europe's dominance in the total number of steamships roughly correlates to its dominance in world trade.

Answer :

To determine which conclusion about the relationship between steamships and world trade is best supported by the data, we need to analyze the numbers given for each region's steamships and their share of world trade.

Here's a breakdown of how we come to the solution:

1. Data Overview:
- Europe: Dominates in both steamships (4,636) and percentage of world trade (66.9%).
- North America:
- Steamships: 613
- World Trade: 9.5%
- Latin America:
- Steamships: 81
- World Trade: 5.4%
- Africa and Oceania: Shares of world trade are 1.9% and 3.4%, respectively, with no specific data available for steamships.

2. Understanding Options:
- Option (A): Claims North America's roughly twice the share of world trade compared to Latin America is due to almost twice as many steamships.
- Calculation: 613 (North America) is not roughly twice 81 (Latin America); it's much more.
- World trade comparison: 9.5% (North America) is also not roughly double 5.4% (Latin America).

- Option (B): Claims African and Oceanian shares of world trade are nearly equivalent to Latin America's due to having a similar number of steamships.
- No steamship data provided for Africa and Oceania. Cannot verify their steamship numbers.

- Option (C): States North America's share of world trade corresponds with its share of the total number of sailing vessels.
- Not connected to steamships.

- Option (D): Asserts Europe's dominance in total number of steamships corresponds to its dominance in world trade.
- Europe has the highest numbers in both categories.

3. Conclusion:
- Option (D) is supported by the data: Europe's large number of steamships correlates with its significantly high share of world trade.

Given the analysis, the best conclusion supported by the data is that Europe's dominance in the total number of steamships roughly correlates to its dominance in world trade. Therefore, Option (D) is the correct choice.

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