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Answer :
The signs and symptoms associated with boutonnière deformity are (c) Flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint, (d) Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joint, and (e) Hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint.
Boutonnière deformity is a condition characterized by specific finger joint abnormalities. The signs and symptoms associated with boutonnière deformity include:
c. Flexion of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint: The PIP joint of the affected finger becomes flexed or bent, causing it to curve inward.
d. Flexion of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint: The MCP joint, which is located closer to the hand, remains in a normal position without any significant deformity.
e. Hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint: The DIP joint, located closer to the fingertip, becomes hyperextended or bent backward.
a. Partial dislocation of finger joints and b. Fingers drifting to the ulnar side of the forearm are not typical signs associated with boutonnière deformity.
The characteristic finger deformities in boutonnière deformity are caused by disruption or damage to the central slip of the extensor tendon that runs along the back of the finger. This disruption leads to an imbalance in the finger's extensor mechanism, resulting in the specific joint abnormalities described above. Treatment options may include splinting, hand therapy, and in some cases, surgical intervention to repair the damaged extensor tendon and restore finger alignment.
The question "Which signs and symptoms are associated with boutonnière deformity? Select all that apply. partial discoloration of finger joints" is incomplete.
The question should be:
What signs and symptoms are associated with boutonnière deformity? Select all that apply.
a. partial dislocation of finger joints
b. fingers drift to the ulnar side of the forearm
c. flexion of proximal interphalangeal joint
d. flexion of the metacarpophalangeal joint
e. hyperextension of the distal interphalangeal joint
Learn more about proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint: https://brainly.com/question/31758719
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