Answer :

Final answer:

Degenerative joint disease, also known as osteoarthritis, is a joint disorder characterized by the breakdown of joint cartilage and bone leading to pain and stiffness. Risk factors include joint injury, repetitive stress, and obesity. Treatments focus on symptom management since there is no cure.

Explanation:

Degenerative joint disease, or osteoarthritis, includes the wearing away of articular cartilage. Osteoarthritis is a common joint disorder that results from the breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone. Typically associated with mechanical stress on the joints and insufficient self-repair of cartilage, osteoarthritis also involves low-grade inflammation which can contribute to joint pain and stiffness. It is considered a "wear and tear" condition, often exacerbated by factors like joint injury, physical labor, certain sports, and being overweight. These factors can stress the articular cartilage, prompting it to become thinner over time and increasing pressure on the bones.

As the articular cartilage layer wears down, the joint may produce more synovial fluid, leading to swelling and pain as the articular capsule stretches. The bones underneath may also thicken and develop irregularities, further contributing to joint pain and limiting movement. While there is no cure for osteoarthritis, treatments such as lifestyle changes, medications, and in severe cases, surgery, can help manage the symptoms and improve quality of life.

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