High School

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Josiah invests [tex]\$360[/tex] into an account that accrues [tex]3\%[/tex] interest annually. Assuming no deposits or withdrawals are made, which equation represents the amount of money in Josiah's account, [tex]y[/tex], after [tex]x[/tex] years?

A. [tex]y = 360(1.3)^x[/tex]
B. [tex]y = 360(0.3)^x[/tex]
C. [tex]y = 360(0.03)^x[/tex]
D. [tex]y = 360(1.03)^x[/tex]

Answer :

To determine the equation that represents the amount of money in Josiah's account after a certain number of years, we need to use the formula for compound interest. Since Josiah's account accrues interest annually, we'll use the following compound interest formula:

[tex]\[ y = P(1 + r)^x \][/tex]

Where:
- [tex]\( y \)[/tex] is the amount of money in the account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years.
- [tex]\( P \)[/tex] is the principal amount, the initial amount of money (in this case, [tex]$360).
- \( r \) is the annual interest rate (expressed as a decimal).
- \( x \) is the number of years the money is invested.

Given:
- The principal \( P = \$[/tex]360 \).
- The annual interest rate is 3%, so [tex]\( r = 0.03 \)[/tex].

Let's substitute these values into the formula:

1. Add the interest rate to 1: [tex]\( 1 + r = 1 + 0.03 = 1.03 \)[/tex].
2. Use the formula: [tex]\( y = 360(1.03)^x \)[/tex].

Therefore, the equation that represents the amount of money in the account after [tex]\( x \)[/tex] years is:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

So the correct option is:

[tex]\[ y = 360(1.03)^x \][/tex]

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