High School

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A person on a scale rides in an elevator. If the mass of the person is 60.0 kg and the elevator accelerates downward with an acceleration of 4.90 m/s², what is the reading on the scale?

Options:
A. 147 N
B. 294 N
C. 588 N
D. 882 N

Answer :

To solve this problem, we need to understand the forces acting on the person in the elevator. The person is subject to gravity and the acceleration of the elevator.

  1. Gravitational Force: This is the weight of the person, which can be calculated using the formula:
    [tex]F_{gravity} = m \cdot g[/tex]
    where:
    [tex]m = 60.0 \text{ kg}[/tex] (mass of the person), and
    [tex]g = 9.80 \text{ m/s}^2[/tex] (acceleration due to gravity).

    Thus, the gravitational force is:
    [tex]F_{gravity} = 60.0 \times 9.80 = 588 \text{ N}[/tex]

  2. Net Force in the Elevator: When the elevator is accelerating downwards with an acceleration of [tex]4.90 \text{ m/s}^2[/tex], this affects the apparent weight of the person. The apparent weight is the normal force, which is what the scale will read.

    We use the equation for net force:
    [tex]F_{net} = m \cdot (g - a)[/tex]
    where:
    [tex]a = 4.90 \text{ m/s}^2[/tex] (downward acceleration of the elevator).

  3. Calculate the Scale Reading: Substitute the values into the net force equation:
    [tex]F_{net} = 60.0 \times (9.80 - 4.90)[/tex]
    [tex]F_{net} = 60.0 \times 4.90 = 294 \text{ N}[/tex]

Therefore, the reading on the scale would be 294 N. The correct answer is (B) 294 N.

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