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Modern oil tankers weigh over a half-million tons and have lengths of up to one-fourth mile. Such massive ships require a distance of 4.4 km (about 2.7 mi) and a time of 17 min to come to a stop from a top speed of 31 km/h.

(a) What is the magnitude of such a ship's average acceleration in m/s\(^2\) in coming to a stop?

(b) What is the magnitude of the ship's average velocity in m/s?

Answer :

Final answer:

The average acceleration of the oil tanker while decelerating is roughly -0.0303 m/s^2, indicating a decrease in speed. The average velocity of the oil tanker during this period is approximately 4.3 m/s.

Explanation:

To solve this problem, we will be using the basic equations of motion for constant acceleration. Firstly, we must convert all measurements into the metric system and seconds for consistency.

(a) Find the average acceleration:

The average acceleration is defined as the change in velocity divided by the time it takes for the change to occur. In this case, the change in velocity is the initial speed of the oil tanker (31 km/h), converted to m/s by multiplying by 3.6, minus the final speed of 0 m/s. So we have:
Acceleration = change in velocity / time = (31*3.6 m/s - 0 m/s) / (17 min * 60 s/min) = -0.0303 m/s^2 where the negative sign indicates a reduction in speed (deceleration).

(b) Calculation of average velocity:

To calculate the average velocity, we divide the total distance traveled by the amount of time it takes to travel that distance. In this case, 4.4 km converted to meters by multiplying by 1000, divided by 17 minutes converted to seconds by multiplying by 60: Average Velocity = Total Distance / Time = (4.4 * 1000 m) / (17 min * 60 s/min) = 4.3 m/s

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