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Answer :
Let's break down each part of the question to ensure we understand how to solve it.
Part 1: Molar Mass of Ammonia (NH3)
The molar mass of a compound is the sum of the atomic masses of all the atoms in a molecule. The ammonia molecule (NH3) consists of one nitrogen atom and three hydrogen atoms.
- The atomic mass of nitrogen (N) is approximately 14.01 g/mol.
- The atomic mass of hydrogen (H) is approximately 1.01 g/mol.
To find the molar mass of NH3:
[tex]molar\ mass\ of\ NH3 = 14.01\ g/mol\ (for\ N) + 3 \times 1.01\ g/mol\ (for\ H) = 17.04\ g/mol[/tex]
Since the options are given to the nearest whole number, the molar mass of NH3 is approximately 17 g/mol. Since the question asks for the molar mass of 3 moles of ammonia, which would still just be referring to the molar mass of a single molecule, the correct choice is B. 17 g.
Part 2: Excess Reactant in the Reaction
The balanced chemical equation for the reaction is:
[tex]NaOH (aq) + HCl (aq) \rightarrow NaCl (aq) + H_2O (l)[/tex]
This equation shows a 1:1 molar ratio between sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). To find out which is in excess, we calculate the moles for each:
- Molar mass of NaOH: 40 g/mol
- Molar mass of HCl: 36.5 g/mol
For NaOH:
[tex]moles\ of\ NaOH = \frac{10\ g}{40\ g/mol} = 0.25\ mol[/tex]
For HCl:
[tex]moles\ of\ HCl = \frac{10\ g}{36.5\ g/mol} \approx 0.274\ mol[/tex]
Since HCl has more moles than NaOH, NaOH will be completely consumed, and the HCl will be in excess. This makes the correct choice A. HCl.
Part 3: Composition of Kerosene
Kerosene is a mixture of hydrocarbons mainly in the C12 to C15 range, but for general purposes, it's often considered as C13-C25 hydrocarbons.
The correct choice based on the given options is A. C13-C25 hydrocarbons.
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