Answer :

The formal charge of the nitrogen atom in hydrogen cyanide HCN is 0.

formal charge of an atom in a molecule is calculated by comparing the number of valence electrons in the isolated atom with the number of electrons assigned to the atom in the molecule. The formula for calculating formal charge is:

Formal Charge = Valence Electrons - (Number of Lone Pair Electrons + 0.5 * Number of Bonded Electrons)

For nitrogen in hydrogen cyanide (HCN, nitrogen has 5 valence electrons and is bonded to one hydrogen atom (H and one carbon atom C.

1. Count the lone pair electrons on nitrogen: There are 2 lone pair electrons (5 valence electrons - 3 electrons in bonds).

2. Count the bonded electrons: Nitrogen forms one bond with hydrogen and one bond with carbon, so there are 2 bonded electrons in total (2 bonds * 1 electron per bond).

Using the formula:

Formal Charge = 5 - (2 + 0.5 * 2) = 0

The formal charge of the nitrogen atom in hydrogen cyanide HCN is 0. This means that the nitrogen atom is not carrying any formal charge in the molecule.

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