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Answer :
Final answer:
The four main types of drilling include rotary drilling, which uses a rotating bit; percussion drilling, which uses a heavy weight and a chisel bit; auger drilling, which uses a helical screw; and diamond drilling, which uses a diamond-encrusted bit. The correct option is 1.
Explanation:
The four main types of drilling mentioned in your options are a combination of different drilling techniques and categorizations used in various industries such as mining and construction of water wells and oil/gas wells.
However, the correct answer to your question could be context-dependent and refer to different aspects of drilling. Here, I will elucidate the methods used primarily in the context of resource extraction and well drilling.
The first type, rotary drilling, is a common method where a rotating drill bit is attached to a drill pipe, used most frequently for oil and gas extraction. This method can be further classified into hydraulic rotary and air rotary based on the circulation of the drilling fluid, which can be water or air respectively.
The perforation technique involves alternately raising and dropping a chisel bit to shatter the rock at the bottom of the hole. While auger drilling employs a helical screw to remove the drilling debris and is suited more for softer ground materials.
Diamond drilling employs a diamond-encrusted drill bit for precise work and is often used to extract samples for geological examination.
When considering the orientation of the wells, one can refer to horizontal drilling, vertical drilling, directional drilling, and inclined drilling, which are techniques that vary the angle of entry of the drill into the earth according to the geologic structure and resource location.
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