Answer :

Final answer:

The adaptation that guards the respiratory tract by propelling particles upward and outward is cilia. Cilia are hair-like structures that line the respiratory tract and help to move mucus and trapped particles away from the lungs.

Explanation:

The respiratory tract is protected by various adaptations that help to guard against the entry of harmful particles.

One such adaptation is the presence of cilia. Cilia are tiny hair-like structures that line the respiratory tract, including the nose, trachea, and bronchi.

These cilia have a coordinated beating motion that helps to move mucus and trapped particles upward and outward, away from the lungs. This mechanism is known as the mucociliary escalator.

The mucus traps particles, such as dust, bacteria, and viruses, while the cilia propel the mucus and trapped particles towards the throat, where they can be coughed out or swallowed.

The mucociliary escalator is an important defense mechanism of the respiratory system, as it helps to prevent the entry of harmful particles into the lungs. It plays a crucial role in maintaining the cleanliness and health of the respiratory tract.

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