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(1) Two workers work as a team to unload a lorry carrying 40 sacks of sand, each weighing 60 kg. Before beginning, they receive instructions from their foreman. Man A climbs onto the tailboard of the lorry while Man B obtains a forklift truck.

(2) During unloading, their working procedures are as follows:
- Man B drives his forklift truck alongside the lorry and positions it.
- Man A stands on the lorry and dumps a 60 kg sack onto a pallet on the forklift truck.
- Man B positions each sack as it is dumped on the pallet.
- A total of 10 sacks of sand must be dumped by Man A onto each forklift truck before moving to another empty forklift.
- When 10 sacks have been unloaded, Man B drives to the storeroom, releases the pallet, and returns to the lorry with an empty one.

(3) When the 40 sacks are unloaded, Man A climbs down from the lorry and reports to the clerk's office for further instructions. Man B reports to the foreman.

Durations for the relevant activities:
- Receive instructions from foreman before unloading: 2.0 minutes
- Man A climbs onto the lorry: 1.0 minute
- Man B obtains a forklift truck: 1.4 minutes
- Position forklift truck: 0.6 minute
- Dump sack on pallet: 0.5 minute
- Position sack on pallet: 0.6 minute
- Drive pallet load to storeroom and release: 2.0 minutes
- Return with empty pallet: 1.8 minutes
- Man A reports to the clerk's office: 2.4 minutes
- Man B reports to the foreman: 2.1 minutes

Tasks:
1. Draw a multiple activity chart and determine the utilization of each worker and of the team.
2. The team is now increased to three workers. The third person, Man C, drives another forklift truck and performs the same duties as Man B. Assuming that both Man B and Man C can start their tasks simultaneously, construct another multiple activity chart and determine the utilization of each worker and of the team.
3. Determine which is the more effective method: the team of two workers or the team of three workers.

Answer :

Final answer:

The team of two workers is more effective in unloading the lorry compared to the team of three workers.

Explanation:

To determine the utilization of each worker and the team, we will create a multiple activity chart. The chart will show the activities performed by each worker and the time taken for each activity. We will use the given durations for the respective activities of the two workers to calculate the total time taken by each worker and the team.

First, let's create the multiple activity chart for the team of two workers (Man A and Man B):

Worker

Activity

Time Taken (minutes)

Man A

Receive instructions from foreman before unloading

2.0

Man A goes and climbs on the lorry

1.0

Dump sack on pallet

0.5

Man A reports to clerk office

2.4

Total time taken by Man A: 6.9 minutes

Man B

Man B goes and obtains a forklift truck

1.4

Position forklift truck

0.6

Position sack on pallet

0.6

Drive pallet load to store room and release

2.0

Return with empty pallet

1.8

Man B reports to foreman

2.1

Total time taken by Man B: 8.5 minutes

Total time taken by the team: 15.4 minutes

Now, let's create the multiple activity chart for the team of three workers (Man A, Man B, and Man C):

Worker

Activity

Time Taken (minutes)

Man A

Receive instructions from foreman before unloading

2.0

Man A goes and climbs on the lorry

1.0

Dump sack on pallet

0.5

Man A reports to clerk office

2.4

Total time taken by Man A: 6.9 minutes

Man B

Man B goes and obtains a forklift truck

1.4

Position forklift truck

0.6

Position sack on pallet

0.6

Drive pallet load to store room and release

2.0

Return with empty pallet

1.8

Man B reports to foreman

2.1

Total time taken by Man B: 8.5 minutes

Man C

Man C goes and obtains a forklift truck

1.4

Position forklift truck

0.6

Position sack on pallet

0.6

Drive pallet load to store room and release

2.0

Return with empty pallet

1.8

Man C reports to foreman

2.1

Total time taken by Man C: 8.5 minutes

Total time taken by the team: 23.9 minutes

Comparing the utilization of each worker and the team, we can see that in the case of two workers, Man A takes 6.9 minutes and Man B takes 8.5 minutes, resulting in a total time of 15.4 minutes for the team. In the case of three workers, Man A takes 6.9 minutes, Man B takes 8.5 minutes, and Man C takes 8.5 minutes, resulting in a total time of 23.9 minutes for the team.

Therefore, the team of two workers is more effective as it takes less time to unload the lorry compared to the team of three workers.

Learn more about utilization of workers in unloading a lorry here:

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