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Which of the following study methods is a description for passive surveillance?

A. The National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) uses a standardized protocol.
B. A randomized controlled trial is conducted.
C. A cohort study is initiated.
D. A case-control study is implemented.

Answer :

Final answer:

Cohort study - an observational study that follows individuals over time to study the impact of exposures on outcomes. The correct option is C. The correct option is C.

Explanation:

Cohort study is an observational study that involves following a group of individuals over a period of time to study how certain exposures may affect outcomes such as disease development.

In a cohort study, individuals are selected based on their exposure status to a specific factor and then followed to assess their risk of developing a particular disease, allowing researchers to observe associations between exposure and outcomes.

Examples of observational studies implicated in passive surveillance objectives include systems keeping track of communicable diseases, cancer, and injuries, where data are collected through case reports.

Survey-based surveillance systems like the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) serve as a practical illustration of passive surveillance. Data are garnered from respondents through questionnaires, which is a passive approach as it does not involve actively reaching out to potential cases. Nonetheless, such systems are crucial for monitoring health trends and guiding public health actions.

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