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Answer :
The synthesis of phenylmagnesium bromide (PhMgBr) from magnesium (Mg) and bromobenzene (PhBr) involves a two-step reaction mechanism.
A small amount of dieter ether (Et₂O) or tetrahydrofuran (THF) solvent solvates the magnesium metal, weakening the metallic bonds.
The weak carbon-bromine bond in the PhBr⁺ cleaves heterolytically. The bromine atom takes the shared electron pair, forming MgBr⁺ and a phenyl radical (Ph•).
The reaction is :
Mg + PhBr + Et₂O / THF --> PhMgBr + MgBr₂ (Et₂O / THF complex)
The mechanism involves the formation and propagation of phenyl radicals. However, due to their short lifespan, these intermediates are not typically shown in the reaction arrow. The magnesium bromide (MgBr₂) byproduct is also solvated by the ether molecules.
complete question:
Draw the mechanism for the synthesis of the phenyl magnesium bromide (Grignard reagent used in lab 3) starting with magnesium and bromobenzene
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