While studying finches on the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin noticed significant variations in beaks among different finch populations. These variations seemed closely related to the specific food sources available on their respective islands. For instance, finches that ate insects had sharper, thinner beaks, while those cracking nuts had stronger, thicker beaks.

What aspect of Darwin's theory is best illustrated by the differences in beak shapes among the finches?

A. The impact of environmental factors on species survival
B. The importance of beak shape in bird communication
C. The role of genetic mutation in species variation
D. The influence of diet on bird migration patterns

Question

12-06-2025
Biology

High School

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While studying finches on the Galapagos Islands, Charles Darwin noticed significant variations in beaks among different finch populations. These variations seemed closely related to the specific food sources available on their respective islands. For instance, finches that ate insects had sharper, thinner beaks, while those cracking nuts had stronger, thicker beaks.

What aspect of Darwin's theory is best illustrated by the differences in beak shapes among the finches?

A. The impact of environmental factors on species survival
B. The importance of beak shape in bird communication
C. The role of genetic mutation in species variation
D. The influence of diet on bird migration patterns

Answer :

Final answer:

Darwin's observation of beak shape variations among finches illustrates natural selection, where environmental factors drive species adaptation. Different beak types evolved based on food sources, showcasing how traits develop in response to survival needs. This adaptive radiation reflects evolutionary change in response to habitat-specific resources.

Explanation:

Beak Variation in Darwin's Finches

The observation of beak shape variations among different finch populations on the Galapagos Islands is a classic example of natural selection, a key concept in Darwin's theory of evolution. Darwin noted that these variations were closely related to the food sources available on their respective islands, which illustrates how environmental factors impact species survival.

For instance, finches that primarily consumed insects developed sharper, thinner beaks to allow them to capture their prey more efficiently. Conversely, finches that fed on tougher seeds and nuts evolved thicker, stronger beaks suited for cracking hard shells. This adaptation showcases how morphological traits can evolve in response to environmental pressures and available resources, exemplifying the process of adaptive radiation.

Examples of Beak Adaptations

Insect-eating finches: Have long, slender beaks for precision.
Seed-eating finches: Exhibit broader, sturdier beaks that enable them to crack tough seeds.
Nectar-eating finches: Feature elongated beaks for reaching flowers.

Through Darwin's studies, it becomes clear that the variation in beak shapes among finch species demonstrates the ongoing evolutionary change influenced by their diets and habitats.

Learn more about Natural selection and adaptation here:

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