High School

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A gas column is trapped between the closed end of a tube and a mercury column of length \( h \). When this tube is placed with its end upward, what is the length of the gas column, \( l_1 \)?

Answer :

Final answer:

The pressure of a gas in a closed tube can be determined by the hydrostatic pressure of a mercury column and is represented by the equation P = hρg. The variation in the length of the gas column l1 is influenced by this pressure and atmospheric conditions.

Explanation:

The pressure P of a gas in a closed tube is affected by hydrostatic pressure when a mercury (Hg) column of height h is placed. The pressure of the gas can be related to the height of the mercury column using the equation P = hρg, where ρ is the density of mercury and g is the acceleration due to gravity. For a gas trapped between a closed end of a tube and a mercury column, the length of the gas column l1 will vary based on the pressure of the gas, which in turn corresponds to the hydrostatic pressure represented by a mercury column of a certain height, e.g., 26.4 cm or 13.7 cm in some example measurements. In addition to hydrostatic pressure, atmospheric pressure may also be a contributing factor, which is added to the hydrostatic pressure when analyzing the total pressure exerted by the gas.

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