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In goats, a beard is produced by an autosomal allele that is dominant in males and recessive in females. We'll use the symbol \( B' \) for the beard allele and \( B \) for the beardless allele. Another independently assorting autosomal allele that produces a black coat (\( W \)) is dominant over the allele for a white coat (\( w \)).

Give the phenotypes and their proportions expected for the following crosses:

a. \( B'B \, Ww \) male × \( B'B \, Ww \) female

b. \( B'B \, Ww \) male × \( B'B \, ww \) female

c. \( B'B \, Ww \) male × \( B'B \, Ww \) female

d. \( B'B \, Ww \) male × \( B'B \, ww \) female

Answer :

The expected phenotypes of the offspring are as follows: 1/2 B′B′Ww and 1/2 B′B′ww. a. B'B'Ww male × B' ′ B ′ Ww femaleThe gametes of the B'B'Ww male are B'W and BW.

The gametes of the B' ′ B ′ Ww female are B'W and B'w. The expected phenotypes of the offspring are as follows: 1/4 B'B'WW, 1/4 B'B'Ww, 1/4 B' ′ B'WW, and 1/4 B' ′ B'Ww. b. B ' B' Ww male ×B′ B ′ ww femaleThe gametes of the B ' B' Ww male are B'W and BW. The gametes of the B′ B′ ww female are B'w and Bw. The expected phenotypes of the offspring are as follows: 1/4 B'B'Ww and 3/4 B' ′ B'ww. c. B'B ' ∘ Ww male ×B′B∘Ww female

The gametes of the B'B ' ∘ Ww male are B'W and BW. The gametes of the B′B∘ Ww female are BW, B'W, B'w, and Bw. The expected phenotypes of the offspring are as follows: 1/4 B'B'WW, 1/2 B'B'Ww, and 1/4 B' ′ B'ww. d. B′B′Ww male ×B′B′ ww femaleThe gametes of the B′B′ Ww male are B'W and BW. The gametes of the B′B′ ww female are B'w and Bw.

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