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Coal:

1. How do we use it?
2. How much is available?
3. Where are there large reserves?
4. How do we get it?
5. What are some pros and cons of the different types of mining?

Answer :

Final answer:

Coal is primarily used for electricity generation and industrial processes, with vast reserves located mainly in the U.S., China, and India. Extraction methods include surface and underground mining, each having distinct pros and cons, particularly regarding safety and environmental impact. Overall, coal remains a key part of the global energy landscape despite its environmental concerns.


Explanation:

Understanding Coal


Coal is a significant fossil fuel used primarily for electricity generation and industrial production. It is burned for steam and heat, and it plays a vital role in the energy sector.



How Much Coal is Available?


As of now, there are approximately 1 trillion short tons of coal reserves globally, with estimates that current reserves could last over a century at current consumption rates.



Where are Large Reserves Located?



  • The United States has the largest proven reserves, primarily located in the Appalachian region, Illinois Basin, and the Powder River Basin.

  • Other major countries with significant coal reserves include China, India, and Australia.



How is Coal Extracted?


Coal is typically obtained through two main methods: surface mining and underground mining. Surface mining involves removing overburden (soil and rock above the coal seam) to access the coal beneath, while underground mining accesses coal through shafts or tunnels below the surface.



Pros and Cons of Different Types of Mining



  • Surface Mining:

    • Pros: Generally safer for miners, less labor-intensive, and more efficient in extracting large volumes of coal.

    • Cons: Can cause significant environmental disruption by altering landscapes, habitat destruction, and can lead to soil erosion.



  • Underground Mining:

    • Pros: Less surface disturbance and can be more environmentally friendly for certain locations.

    • Cons: Higher risk for miners due to potential for cave-ins and other hazards, and it is more expensive and labor-intensive than surface mining.





Uses of Coal


Coal is mainly used for generating electricity through power plants. Additionally, it is a critical component in producing steel, cement, and various chemicals, which makes it essential to several industries.


Learn more about Coal Production and Usage here:

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