Answer :

Final answer:

Apex predators are primarily found within the tertiary consumer group, as they are at the top of the food chain and have no natural predators. In contrast, primary consumers, which are herbivores, cannot be considered apex predators. Thus, the correct answer is tertiary consumers.


Explanation:

Understanding Apex Predators


Apex predators are organisms that hold the top position in a food chain, meaning they have no natural predators. In the context of the question, we need to explore which consumer groups can contain apex predators.



Consumer Levels


The groups in question are:



  2. Tertiary Consumers

  4. Primary Consumers



Tertiary consumers are typically apex predators as they consume both primary and secondary consumers. For example, in aquatic ecosystems, a species like the Chinook salmon acts as a tertiary consumer, feeding on smaller fish (secondary consumers) and thus positioning itself at the top of the food web.



On the other hand, primary consumers are herbivores that feed directly on producers (like plants) and do not play a role as apex predators. Examples include deer or rabbits, which feed on vegetation but are themselves prey for higher trophic levels.



Therefore, only tertiary consumers can be apex predators within ecosystems.


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